INTRODUCTION
SYNDOPA 110 is a combination of Carbidopa and Levodopa which belongs to the group of medicines called Antiparkinsonian drugs. It is used to improve the signs of Parkinsonism. Parkinsonism is a long-term illness caused due loss of nerve cells in the part of the brain which is responsible for producing dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical messenger that controls body balance and movements. Symptoms of parkinsonism include slow and unsteady movements, muscle tightness, shaking or trembling, difficulty in walking, balance, and coordination.
Levodopa is a dopamine precursor which converts itself into a material called ‘dopamine’, a chemical messenger that controls balance and movement in the body. Carbidopa is a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor which prevents the breakdown of levodopa outside the brain, thereby allowing greater proportion of levodopa to enter the brain.
SYNDOPA 110 must be used with caution among patients having any form of glaucoma (increased pressure in the eyes), as it can lead to further damage to the eye. SYNDOPA 110 is not recommended for use in women who are pregnant or breastfeeding and in children and adolescents (aged below 18 years). It is important for caregivers to notice and report doctor immediately that if the patient develops any addictive symptoms like craving for large doses of SYNDOPA 110, unusual behavior, gambling, excessive eating or spending, an abnormally high sex drive or any other activities that could harm themselves or others. Other side effects include nausea, vomiting and abnormal muscle movements.
USES OF SYNDOPA 110
- Used to improve the signs of Parkinsonism
HOW SYNDOPA 110 WORKS
SYNDOPA 110 effectively controls the signs of parkinsonism, where levodopa acts by converting itself into a substance called dopamine (a chemical messenger that controls body movement) and carbidopa acts by preventing the breakdown of levodopa outside the brain, thereby allowing greater proportion of levodopa to enter the brain. Collectively they supplement the brain with sufficient dopamine levels which ultimately results in improving the signs of parkinsonism.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
Take SYNDOPA 110 as advised by your physician. Swallow the medicine as a whole and do not crush or chew the medicine. Continue to take SYNDOPA 110 unless your doctor tells you to stop because sudden withdrawal of SYNDOPA 110 can cause symptoms like mental changes, fever and muscle tightness.
SIDE EFFECTS OF SYNDOPA 110
COMMON
- Abnormal body movements (dyskinesia, chorea, dystonia)
- Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, bitter taste
- Loss of appetite
- Confusion, dizziness, nightmares, drowsiness, tiredness, sleeplessness
- Feeling euphoria (an extremely strong feeling of happiness)
- Sudden changes in Parkinson’s symptoms
UNCOMMON
- Weight loss or weight gain
- Difficulty in speaking or making abnormal sounds while speaking
- Constipation, diarrhea, bloating
- Increased saliva secretion, difficulties in swallowing
- Fluid accumulation
- Muscle spasms
- Dark urine
- Weakness
- Hot flushes
RARE
Stop taking SYNDOPA 110 and contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
- Signs of addiction (such as unusual behavior, addictive gambling, excessive sweating, or spending, an abnormally high sex drive or an increase in sexual thoughts or any other activities that could harm themselves or others)
- Cravings for large doses of the medicine than required to control the motor symptoms
- Signs of allergic reactions (such as skin rash, itching, swelling
of your face, lips, tongue, or throat, which may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing) - Chest pain, uneven heartbeat, feeling dizzy while standing up quickly
- Signs of bleeding in the stomach which may be shown as blood in faeces or darkened faeces
- Signs of low blood counts (such as pale skin, fever, tiredness, sore throat or mild bruising or prolonged bleeding after injury)
- Muscle stiffness with high fever
- Mental changes including hallucinations, delusions and depression
- Fits (convulsions)
HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS
Nausea and vomiting:
Try to take SYNDOPA 110 with or just after a meal or a snack. Stick to simple meals. Avoid eating rich or spicy food.
Diarrhea:
Drink lots of fluids, such as water or fruit juices to keep yourself hydrated. Avoid taking any medicine on your own for treating diarrhea. Consult your doctor if the symptom does not improve.
Constipation:
Eat fiber rich foods such as fresh fruits, vegetables and cereals and drink plenty of water. Try to exercise more regularly. Consult your doctor if the symptom does not improve on its own.
WARNING & PRECAUTIONS
PREGNANCY
SYNDOPA 110 is not recommended for use in pregnant women and in women who think that they might be pregnant. Consult your doctor before taking.
BREASTFEEDING
SYNDOPA 110 is not recommended for use in breastfeeding women. Consult your doctor before taking.
DRIVING AND USING MACHINES
Do not drive or operate any heavy tools or machines, as SYNDOPA 110 may cause sudden sleep attacks or can make you feel sleepy suddenly.
ALCOHOL
Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking SYNDOPA 110, as it could make you feel dizzier or drowsier.
KIDNEY
SYNDOPA 110 should be taken with caution among patients who have or had any kidney diseases in the past. Consult your doctor before taking.
LIVER
SYNDOPA 110 should be taken with caution among patients who have or had any liver diseases in the past. Consult your doctor before taking.
ALLERGY
Talk to your doctor if you are allergic to Levodopa or Carbidopa.
HEART DISEASE
SYNDOPA 110 should be taken with caution among patients with heart disease (such as previous history of heart attack, heartbeat problems, circulation or breathing problems). Consult your doctor before taking.
OTHERS
SYNDOPA 110 is not recommended for use in patients who:
- Have ever had any forms of skin cancer
- Have any unusual moles in the skin that has not yet been examined by the doctor
- Have narrow-angle glaucoma (increased pressure in the eye)
- Have a severe mental disorder (Ex. severe panic disorder, psychosis, severe depression, bipolar disorder)
Before taking SYNDOPA 110, inform your physician if you:
- Have a history of fits (epilepsy)
- Have had an ulcer in the stomach
- Have vomited blood
- Have any hormonal problems
- Have had depression or any other similar mental problems
- Have chronic wide-angle glaucoma (a painless eye condition that can affect your vision)
- Feel sleepy or having sudden sleep attacks (Ex. Narcolepsy)
- Are due to have a surgery
- Are due to have a blood/urine test
Use in pediatrics:
- SYNDOPA 110 is generally not recommended for use in children and adolescents (below 18 years) due to lack of safety data. However, consult your doctor before taking.
Use in geriatrics:
- SYNDOPA 110 is considered safe for use in elderly patients (aged 65 years or above). However, proper dose adjustment and careful monitoring is required in such patients.
INTERACTIONS
A. Drug-Drug interactions:
Before taking SYNDOPA 110, inform your physician if you are taking any of the following:
- Medicines used to treat depression (such as isocarboxazid, phenelzine, selegiline, tranylcypromine)
- Medicines used to treat tuberculosis (Ex. rifaximin, isoniazid)
- Medicines used to treat high blood pressure (Ex. atenolol, propranolol, captopril, enalapril, olmesartan, telmisartan)
- Medicines used to treat epilepsy (Ex. carbamazepine, valproic acid, phenytoin)
- Medicines used to treat involuntary movements (such as ataxia, dystonia, myoclonus, tardive dyskinesia) Ex. fluphenazine, haloperidol, chlorpromazine, or thioridazine
- Medicines used to treat iron deficiency (Ex. ferrous fumarate, iron isomaltoside)
- Medicines that can reduce muscle stiffness, strain, or spasms (such as trihexyphenidyl, orphenadrine, benzatropine and procyclidine)
- Papaverine (a medicine used to treat impotence in men)
B. Drug-Food interaction:
Try to avoid eating a heavy meal that includes a lot of protein (such as beef, pork, fish, and eggs) while taking SYNDOPA 110, as it may interfere with its absorption.
Overdosage:
If you or anyone else accidentally take too much of SYNDOPA 110, contact your doctor immediately or go to a hospital straight away.
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